Wine has always been something of a status symbol. For centuries, it has been a beverage of choice for high-class social gatherings, important commencements, and even religious ceremonies. It is at once one of the oldest and most universally recognized beverages, its history spanning back to at least 8,000 BC and continuing on into the modern day.
Though we cannot place the exact time or place winemaking began, archaeologists and historians believe that some of the earliest wineries cropped up across the northwestern Middle-East where the countries of Georgia and Armenia now exist. In the following centuries and millennia, winemaking came to fruition in ancient Greece, Egypt, and China – Greece, of course, is the most culturally recognized of these civilizations when it comes to historic wine use. Scholars and fans of Greek mythology will instantly recognize Dionysus (or, perhaps his Roman counterpart Bacchus) – the god of wine. Greek and Roman mythology always personified things which people found naturally and culturally significant, so for wine to be given its own personification in the form of a god says much about the influence that it had on culture during the Classical Period.
Around this time and further south, the Egyptians also enjoyed the sweet, fermented juice. Red wine was the predominant beverage of choice in Ancient Egypt, though white wine may have also been in production during the times of the Pharaohs. In Egypt, much superstition surrounded the notion of drunkenness, as many Egyptians believed wine to be something as a spiritual tie, quite literally the “blood” of their forbearers, and that too much consumption of that blood would drive a person out of their senses. Consequently, drunkenness proves a major theme in writings coming from the Middle-East during that time, including many of the Old Testament passages from the Bible.
China, being the third of the great Ancient cultures, saw winemaking come about a little differently than its counterparts. For the Chinese, rice wine was more common than the classic grape or pomegranate wines prevalent in Greece and Egypt, respectively. Grape and other forms of fruit wine were considered exotic to the Chinese. Fruit wine did, however, eventually gain popularity in China, with red and white wines increasing in volume over the years along with the development of what we know today as Lychee wine, a golden Chinese wine.
As we continue discussing the history of wine throughout culture, we will be moving into more modern times, starting with medieval Europe. Check back in with us next week as we continue delving into this fascinating subject.
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